حكم الاتجار بالمياه (بيع المياه) في الشريعة الإسلامية (دراسة فقهية تحليلية مقارنة)

Water Trade (Selling Water) from an Islamic Sharia Perspective (Comparative jurisprudence and analytical study)

Abstract

The issue of Water Trade or Selling Water is one of the most important topics that is widely discussed these days, indeed, water is a very important component for the survival of beings on earth and an essential substance on which the lives of all creatures including human, depends on water, as Allah Almighty said: (And we have made of water everything living). Moreover, the fresh water, which is suitable for life and different usage, constitutes only 1% of the resources available in the world and the rest is saltwater that is not suitable for human consumption, agriculture, and even not suitable for many industrial uses.

Considering that many companies these days utilize water, or monopolize water and sale it at high prices, where only the rich people can buy it, while the poor die of thirst, or fall into deadly diseases due to the contaminated water they drink. And likewise, many areas, villages and even countries have share in the rivers and watercourse and every village or country attempt to exploit and use the largest share of the river water without considering the interests of other common countries, and selling their water to other regions and countries, that may stir up a dispute between the riparian states and regions over the sale and purchase of water. Having said that, this requires us to clarify the position of Islamic Sharia towards the Trade or selling of different types of water, and hence we selected to write this research entitled: “Water Trade (Selling water) from an Islamic Sharia Perspective - a comparative analytical jurisprudence study”.