Human Development by Examining Its Indicators in Afghanistan

Abstract

Human development is defined as the expansion of people's opportunities and the improvement of their well-being, including longer life expectancy and living in a healthy society. The human development index is based on three key variables: life expectancy at birth, education measured by adult literacy and years of schooling, and standard of living measured by per capita income. These indicators are used to assess the human development status of countries. In 2019, Afghanistan's human development index was 0.511, ranking 169th out of 189 countries in the United Nations' annual report.